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ChemistryGeneral Chemistry

Van’t Hoff Factor: Freezing Point of CaCl₂ in Water

Use complete CaCl₂ dissociation to determine the ideal van’t Hoff factor and calculate a solution’s freezing point.

Question

Find the freezing temperature when 0.724 g of CaCl₂ is dissolved in 175 g of water, assuming complete dissociation and ideal solution behavior.

Reference data: water freezes at 0.0 °C and Kf = 1.86 °C kg/mol (Table 11.2). The molar mass of anhydrous CaCl₂ is approximately 110.98 g/mol.

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Evidence boundary

The result uses the complete-dissociation and ideal-solution assumptions explicitly required by the Check Your Learning after OpenStax Example 11.13. The ideal factor i = 3 is not an experimentally measured factor for this solution. Anhydrous CaCl₂ is used, not a hydrate.