PhysicsClassical Physics

Example of Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Six Action–Reaction Pairs

Identify the two interacting bodies and their opposite forces in six examples of Newton’s third law.

Question

Identify the action and reaction forces in the following situations:(a) Earth attracts the Moon.(b) A boy kicks a football.(c) A rocket accelerates upward.(d) A car accelerates forward.(e) A high jumper leaps.(f) A bullet is shot from a gun.

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Evidence boundary

This page answers the six situations in OpenStax University Physics Volume 1, Chapter 5, Conceptual Question 11. No force magnitudes are supplied. The car discussion uses the ordinary driven-wheel, no-slip interpretation; the gun–propellant system is distinguished from the direct gas–bullet interaction.