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ChemistryGeneral Chemistry

Brønsted–Lowry Acid and Conjugate Pairs in Seven Reactions

Label all seven proton-transfer reactions, including hydrated metal ions, with their acids, bases, and conjugate pairs.

Question

For each reaction below, identify the proton donor and proton acceptor and match each to its conjugate product. Label the Brønsted–Lowry acid, conjugate base, base, and conjugate acid.

(a) HNO3+H2O⟶H3O++NO3−\mathrm{HNO_3+H_2O\longrightarrow H_3O^++NO_3^-}

(b) CN−+H2O⟶HCN+OH−\mathrm{CN^-+H_2O\longrightarrow HCN+OH^-}

(c) H2SO4+Cl−⟶HCl+HSO4−\mathrm{H_2SO_4+Cl^-\longrightarrow HCl+HSO_4^-}

(d) HSO4−+OH−⟶SO42−+H2O\mathrm{HSO_4^-+OH^-\longrightarrow SO_4^{2-}+H_2O}

(e) O2−+H2O⟶2OH−\mathrm{O^{2-}+H_2O\longrightarrow 2OH^-}

(f) [Cu(H2O)3(OH)]+\mathrm{[Cu(H_2O)_3(OH)]^+} +[Al(H2O)6]3++\mathrm{[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}}
⟶[Cu(H2O)4]2+\quad\longrightarrow\mathrm{[Cu(H_2O)_4]^{2+}} +[Al(H2O)5(OH)]2++\mathrm{[Al(H_2O)_5(OH)]^{2+}}

(g) H2S+NH2−⟶HS−+NH3\mathrm{H_2S+NH_2^-\longrightarrow HS^-+NH_3}

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Evidence boundary

The seven equations are a normalized presentation of OpenStax Chemistry 2e Exercise 14.9. Acid/base labels follow the direction printed in that exercise; no solvent conditions or equilibrium constants are supplied, so the labels do not assert that each forward reaction is favorable in water. This is an independently reasoned answer, not a quoted instructor key.